Housing is more limited in these cities because of the recent urbanization, which makes it difficult to find good housing. The weather in Hawaii is very consistent, with little variation in average daily temperatures. Sometimes the temperature in Tucson goes over 100 degrees and it will remain this hot even in October and sometimes thru April. When it comes to distance, time is a huge factor. The gun laws in Arizona are far more relaxed than those in Texas. Read this guide on 2023 job prospects & trends by BestCompaniesAZ. Similarly, humidity has the biggest influence on making the weather feel 95 F or hotter in Miami and Tampa, Florida. In addition to having more resources, 30 colleges offer 2-4 year programs. IT WAS A WARM DAY AND THE HORSES SWEAT. Areas in the Panhandle and West Texas seem to see more snow compared to the rest of the state. Browse through our list of best companies hiring in Arizona and Texas. According to the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, 2021 was the fourth hottest year on record, with temperatures in the nation's hottest states pushing the mercury even further than in previous years. Arizona is also located downwind of the mountains. Hotter than Death Valley, hotter than Devils Island, and, ladies and gentlemen, youre living in it. Forget about Death Valley, Arizona, Nevada, Floridanone of them measures up. The coldest month since 2000 was March 2009, when the average temperature fell to 68.8F (20.4C). During every season, Florida, Louisiana and Texas are consistently among the top four of the nation's hottest states, based on state-wide average temperatures. Right behind Texas, at 81.1 degrees, is Louisiana, hardly the second (or 20th) state you might think of when it comes to blazing summers. Click on a program below to meet Arizonas most diverse, veteran-focused, award-winning companies. "This week, not only have we seen . In the winter time places like Lake Charles, Baton Rouge plus New Orleans might go over 60 degrees and thats hot for the winter. We encourage you to take a look at our other comparison guides on states such as Texas vs. Florida and Arizona vs. California. It has less rainfall than Texas year-round, so if you prefer dryer weather it might be the better option for you. Job opportunities in Texas and Arizona are strong in 2022, although they may look and feel different depending on the city. When it's 72 degrees in Houston, you still have to keep your windows shut and run your A/C to prevent the growth of mold . They're not far off, as the summer ranks second all-time for the number of 100 degree days in the year at 69. And in the winter, Flagstaff is usually colder than Albuquerque. Tempe residents see a summer average of 88.1 degrees, putting it at No. Both states have their pros and cons, but in the debate between Texas vs. Arizona, the choice ultimately depends on your priorities and preferences. Hotter than much of the country, in fact. There are only 65,000 people in the city, but there are still great outdoor activities and some good 11 Things to Know Before Retiring in Cheyenne, Wyoming. Is There a Lot of Crime in Cheyenne, Wyoming (What you Should Know). This is up 28.6% from the previous year. Understanding the different types of company culture can help you manage people better. I researched more. Meanwhile, southwestern states tend to be more arid with low annual precipitation and high temperatures. We write about places we have ACTUALLY lived. 23, where Sore Thumb, er, St. George, Utah, stands out. The state experiences hot, humid summers and generally mild, drier winters. Sweating causes the body to lose water, which can be replenished by drinking water. The central-eastern portion of Texas is flat. Average temperatures in June, July and August,ranked by 24/7 Wall St. 4 (tie). Are property taxes higher in Texas or Arizona? When passing clouds hide the sun for several minutes, deck temperatures drop 6 to 8 on most decking, and as much as 24 on one deck board. Crime is one of the biggest concerns when moving to a new state. Outside of work, you can likely find her curled up on the sofa with a hot cup of coffee, watching a . Is Texas hotter than Florida? Turns out our desert state holds more than half of the 20 cities with the highest average summer temperatures. The National Institute of Health (NIH) spends $238,000, which means Arizona is ranked as the 25th best in health care. If you live in Arizona, you may be used to the heat already, but to tourists and visitors, Arizona can be unbearably hot, especially during the summer months. In fact, Texas cities round out the . If you prefer warm weather and lots of outdoor activities, Arizona is arguably the better state. Almost every location measured has . In comparison, most of the days above 95 in San Antonio get there from temperature alone. Although Arizona, California, and Texas account for only approximately 23 . For those who want to settle near water or by the beach, South Padre Island offers beautiful waterfront views and great access to all types of activities, including boating and fishing. One of the barriers between the state of Arizona and the cool air that flows in from the Pacific Ocean is the Laguna Mountains in California. In short, Texas. The best answer to the Texas vs Arizona debate depends on what you are looking for. An Urban Heat Island, or UHI, is an area that experiences consistently higher temperatures than surrounding areas because of buildings that retain heat, and a lot of concrete and asphalt in the area. The lawyers who represent more than 40 Commanders employees against Snyder, issued a strong statement in the wake of Don Van Natta Jr.'s scathing ESPN report. Respect, opportunity, balance, fun, and pride you dont want to settle for less. They are hotter than rural areas, contain a higher population, and demand more energy for utilities like air . The cost of living for a four-person family in Phoenix, excluding their housing costs, is $2,700 per month. The weather was cooler and wetter than in previous years. Wyoming is what remains of the beautiful old American west. No matter how hot it gets, it just can't carry a state saddled with poor-heat-performing Greer andAlpine. Louisiana is known to get a lot of rain but she also gets heat. I'm passionate about helping people achieve their dreams, and I believe that education is the key to unlocking everyone's potential. However, 13.5% of the population was living under that median for the year 2019. This means that more resources are devoted to these post-secondary schools. Without the cool ocean air flowing in, the valley stays hot. The summer reaches the hottest temperatures that begin at 78 degrees Fahrenheit and reach a scorching 106 degrees. Louisiana has an average annual temperature of 67.2F (19.5C). Arizona is ranked 16th in the country when it comes to higher education. Arizona. For Arizona, the reported household median income was $62,055. 8. We can help! In terms of specific job market prospects, Scottsdale ranked 7th while Austin logged 8th. The ten hottest states experience average annual temperatures above 60F (15.5C) and tend to have fewer seasons than their northern neighbors. Alabama, South Carolina and Arkansas come in close behind. However, through the years the percentage of those living in poverty has been decreasing in Texas. When it comes to top workplaces, Texas overwhelmingly dominates Arizona in this category with many iconic companies calling it home. Humid heat = hot and sweaty, and not in the good way. All of these states have average annual temperatures above 60.0F.Hottest States 2022. When spring comes, the temperature climbs to 57 degrees Fahrenheit and reaches a high of 86 degrees Fahrenheit. 1. at132pm 5 yr. ago. Arizona also has over 1,100 lakes and 14 beaches, so it is the perfect place to go boating or swimming during the summer months. Texas is absolutely the hottest and most insufferable state in the entire nation. Still on the fence in the Texas vs. Arizona debate? Perhaps one of the biggest celebrations in Arizona is named the Colors of Arizona. Its never too hot and never too cold, with a very minimal amount of that pesky California fog to get in the waywhen it does roll in, it burns off pretty quickly in the morning. The highest likelihood for above-average temperatures (60-70%) is over Arkansas, Texas, Oklahoma, and northern Louisiana. 83 src=http://www.weirdlyodd.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/07/Florida.jpg alt= width=257 height=196 />. Texas houses several Fortune 500 companies, including Exxon Mobil, HEB Grocery Company, Dell Technologies, and Texas Instruments. link to Is There a Lot of Crime in Cheyenne, Wyoming (What you Should Know), link to 11 Things to Know Before Retiring in Cheyenne, Wyoming. Overview. Fans can make you feel more comfortable, as long as they are on and you are in the breeze. I kept researching. I've worked with students of all ages and backgrounds, and I love helping them unlock their full potential. Texas. If youre looking to party then the Fiesta San Antonio is for you. In Arizona, three-fourth of the state is Republican. Factors that determine the cost of living include housing, groceries, transportation costs, energy bills, livable wages, and health care. Though these temperatures were significantly hotter than the summer average (temperatures this day broke daily heat records across Arizona), they are still indicative of the unique position Arizona finds itself in. TEXAS property taxes are huge, roughly 3 times what they are in Arizona. |What azcentral story showed up on 'Who Wants To Be a Millionaire'? One place in Arizona that is always very hot is Tucson. This week, the National Weather Service predicted there will be no more 110 degree days in Phoenix for the rest of the year. Call us now 480-947-3070. The state's subtropical climate gives its long hot summers and mild winters in its eastern and southern regions. In Texas, there is a larger investment in education but there are still complications associated with it. Average Housing Costs. The top industries covered real estate and rental and leasing and professional, scientific, and technical services. The precipitation outlook shows a clear wet signal across much of the eastern United States. I'm looking to move to the U.S. from Europe, I'm torn between Texas or Arizona but I think I'd prefer the heat and dryness of AZ as opposed to humidity in TX. Mississippi's average annual temperature of 64.3F (17.9C) makes the state the sixth-hottest in the United States. Summer temperatures in Arizona usually lie in the 90 degrees Fahrenheit to 120 degrees Fahrenheit range. Texas and Florida dominate the lower half of the top 50 list, save for No. But when it comes to summer's hottest state, surely it'sat the top of the SPF chain, right? Arizona is a great place to live even if it is hot. Louisiana's hottest month is August, where highs range from 89F to 94F. 1. August is the wettest month in Phoenix with 1.1 inches of rain, and the driest month is June with 0.0 inches. Six offer doctoral programs. But that's Texas cold, not Minnesota cold. This can be a very nerve-wracking piece of information for families with young children. Weve answered some of the most asked questions below. The index showed that Houston may be up to 7.46F hotter than the less-developed areas outside the city limits. The pay is good, the perks are awesome, but its more than that. Florida is the hottest state in the U.S., with an average annual temperature of 71.5F (21.9C) between 1991 and 2020. Texas is absolutely the hottest and most insufferable state in the entire nation. In fact, Arizona doesn't even crack the Top 10 hottest states, according to a 24/7 Wall Street roundup of each state's average temperature in June, July and August. 1. $1,370,609 is spent on the NIH. Is it cheaper to retire in Arizona or Texas? The August outlook favors hotter-than-average temperatures for most the country. However, a broad area including the West Coast, the northern tier, the Great Plains, the Midwest, and the Northeast have odds exceeding 50% of . Pheonix, the state's capital, sees average temperatures of 100F throughout June, July, and August every year. Extreme heat can be deadly and more so if people dont drink enough and might not be use to the heat. However, we see that 32 percent of the population is Hispanic or Latino. Florida is the hottest state in the U.S., with an average annual temperature of 71.5F (21.9C) between 1991 and 2020. Arizona is 4.1% more expensive than Texas. I'm Cary Hardy, an education expert and consultant. In cities such as Gilbert and Scottsdale bring this average housing cost up to $450,000-$500,000. Looking to fill your talent pipeline? Death Valley, Arizona, Nevada, and Florida aren't even close to competing. Is Texas hotter than AZ? In Scottsdale, which consists of 21 neighborhoods, the median price is almost $800,000, or $381 per square foot. The outlook for more "nonsoons," however, is murkier. For small states, the differences may not be substantial. In Texas, tamales are also the thing to have during celebrations. However, through the years the percentage of those living in poverty has been decreasing in Texas. The downside is housing is soooo much . With a rise in advocacy for the LGBTQ community, states have issued or changed state laws to create more political equality. The Bottom Line Based strictly on the numbers, Houston has the best overall weather of all the major cities in Texas. In the winter time people in Wilmington can feel relief as it hits around the 40 degrees area but in the summer time you can expect for the temperatures to be around the 80s and sometimes even in the 90s. Arizona (/ r z o n / ARR-ih-ZOH-n; Navajo: Hoozdo Hahoodzo [hozto hahotso]; O'odham: Al onak [ai nak]) is a state in the Southwestern United States.It is the 6th-largest and the 14th-most-populous of the 50 states. However, there are lots of very nice scenery places to visit in Georgia such as the Little Grand Canyon. About three-fourths of the population are republican. According to the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, the hottest maximum temperature ever recorded in Texas occurred on June 28, 1994 in Monahans, which is a city in Ward County located near Odessa. It was a very hot day. 5. The state doesn't rank in the top ten warmest states for winter and fall, just makes the list in spring, and then jumps to fourth place in summer. I read. Katie writes for the Texas and Arizona pages of OnlyInYourState.com and has never been more passionate about a job before. Additionally, funding for utilities is diminishing which creates a poor environment to learn in. Both Arizona and Texas fall below that national average. 100s and 20s in a very dry climate feels the same to me as 80s and 40s in a very humid climate. They have less of a swing between their overall highs and lows, and they do not get too hot or too cold as often than the others investigated. For both DFW and Waco, April 2011 and April 2022 were the windiest months this century. Sometimes in the winter there are some places in Tennessee that might even see snow. Lake Havasu Citys 94.6-degree average is tops in the country, according to the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Climatic Data Center. 7. It depends on WHERE in Texas. Many families move to Arizona and rent for the first year, so expect to pay around $1,000 per . Both are, for the majority, republican. It seems that both states have fairly similar job opportunities throughout the state in 2022, though, depending on the type of industry you want to be in. 12.The air pressure dropped. Hot days due to humidity: Days of . In Phoenix, there are 163.2 days annually when the high temperature is over 90, which is hotter than most places in Arizona. In the spirit of summer truths we hold self-evident, here are five more no-brainer facts about desert heat: If you stand in the shade, it will be slightly cooler than standing in direct sun. In Texas, the household median income was reported to be $61,874. The Carolinas differ in temperature but not by much. A lot of times the heat can cause dust storms and poorer air quality because it stays in a heat bubble. Other cities that get hot in the summer include Alabaster reaching around 99 degrees, Evergreen reaching around 94 degrees and Dothan reaching around 98 degrees. Cotton is extremely water intensive, which makes it a challenging crop for Arizona's hot and dry climate. A great example of a heat island is Phoenix, AZ. The largest area in which urbanization has occurred, and continues to occur is in Phoenix. (tie) Gila Bend and Blythe, Calif., 92.1, MORE AZCENTRAL ON SOCIAL:Facebook|Twitter|Instagram|Pinterest, p.p1{margin:0px;font:11px Helvetica}p.p2{margin:0px;font:11px Helvetica;color:#0433ff}span.s1{font-kerning:none}span.s2{text-decoration:underline;font-kerning:none}. A survey compared people's responses about Texas and Florida summers. The southern region of the state has summers ranging from 90F to 100F, while the northern part has milder summers ranging from 72F to 82F. I studied. One day in 2016, azcentral.com published a story that became the answer to a question on 'Who Wants to Be a Millionaire'. The nation's best weather researchers have confirmed, through 30 years of detailed measurements, that it's hot here in the summer. The hottest cities in Florida tend to be Daytona Beach, Key West, Tampa, Orlando, Gainesville plus Vero Beach. Phoenix is the country's hottest and fifth most populous city, where businesses and people began flocking when . Arkansas's climate is a mix of humid subtropical and humid continental. The rains are more abundant than in the west, due to the influence of humid currents from the Gulf of Mexico. Texas and Arizona are both great states to live in, but they offer different benefits depending on what youre looking for. Copyright 2023 Current Results Publishing Ltd. It just gets worse for them in the summer and most cities feel the heat when it gets to around 100 degrees or more in California. Texas. In the fall Tennessee can average very comfortable temperatures. Home Arizona State University What State Is Hotter Texas Or Arizona? Perhaps the hottest state in the USA is California. Hi there! Georgia and Arkansas, 78.7degrees. They are hotter than rural areas, contain a higher population, and demand more energy for utilities like air conditioning. Texas is one of the many states in Tornado Alley. Maine (41.9 F) The team thinks the Lut Desert is actually 10 degrees hotter than was previously recorded. Just remember, the temperatures change according to the season so if youre unsure then check the weather channel in the USA first. Welcome to America's hottest city. Our specialists know exactly how to, Solar Sunscreens: A Must-Have for Phoenix Homes, Solar Screen Installation Tips: What You Need to Know Before Installing Solar Screens, 6 Must Know Benefits of Motorized Solar Screens For Large Windows, Protect Your Patio From The Sun: A Guide to Choosing The Right Sunscreens, Motorized Solar Screens: How They Work and Capacity, Ready to start your project? In the summer months, average temperatures in Hawaii peak around 77.1F. After July it can start turning rather hot in South Carolina and might shock the system after enjoying 57 degree weather. But for bigger states with topography that ranges from ocean beaches to snowy peaks, temperatures vary enormously around the state. If you can't win the team championship, focus on individual honors. Looking at CNNs Cost of Living Calculator, a person who earns $50,000 in Phoenix, AZ will have a comparable salary of $53,392 in Dallas, TX, where groceries, housing, utilities, and healthcare are slightly more expensive. If it's June, it must be hurricane season in Arizona? Sorry, comments are closed for this item. Is Arizona the hottest state? It makes deck temperatures 34 to 76 hotter than ambient air. What azcentral story showed up on 'Who Wants To Be a Millionaire'? 2023 BestCompaniesAZ. Hotter than much of the country, in fact. Texas, New Mexico and Arizona were my final choices. Making History With "Meat Ramparts" - C'est Bakhmut. California is a case in point. From what I'm reading via internet I get the impression Phoenix would be the safer (we were looking into the Austin area in TX). An Urban Heat Island, or UHI, is an area that experiences consistently higher temperatures than surrounding areas because of buildings that retain heat, and a lot of concrete and asphalt in the area. However, Louisiana's position on the Gulf of Mexico means high humidity levels, which can push the heat index up to 120F (48.9C). Literally, of course. The state averages 90 days a year above 90F (32.2C). In cities such as Santa Barbara, San Diego plus Santa Maria have temperatures of around the 60s and above throughout the year. Tennessee was not always on the hottest list but now Tennessee is experiencing temperatures of around 100/105 degrees and sometimes even hotter. 20, with Tucson hitting an average of 85.7 degrees. The post In Video 18+: Russian Special Forces In Action In Ukraine appeared first on South Front. And, as a resident of this amazing state, its important to know that there are several effective ways you can prevent the heat and keep cool, even during the summer months. Hotter than a stepmother's kiss. Career and technical courses have been cut out of middle and high schools, limiting educational opportunities to explore different fields. The percent of the population that is Hispanic is almost 40 percent. Texas is America's fourth-hottest state, with an average annual temperature of 65.8F (18.8C). The same holds for Texas. AZ International Auto Show & New Car Buyer's Guide 2020 Model Year, 24/7 Wall Street roundup of each state's average temperature. Due to the generally dry climate in Arizona, residents in the state experience extremely high temperatures during the summer months during the daytime. Answer (1 of 19): A few years ago, I was looking for property to relocate to. Arizonas climate is typically very hot during the summer months but can get quite chilly during the winter season. Alabama average about 56 inches of rain per year and about 1 inch of snow. That includes the hottest city of them all. In Pinal, Maricopa, and Pima counties, cotton requires roughly two to four times as much water per acre as in Texas and Georgia a resource that is increasingly scarce as extreme heat and drought conditions become more frequent and severe. In Texas, the household median income was reported to be $61,874. The south-eastern portion of Texas is more highly urbanized. I decided on AZ. With more opportunities for better education and lower costs of living, it makes sense that Texas would be a great place for families. Actually, the city's hottest day ever. May and September might be good months to visit Georgia but then in May is when the state gets hit with a lot of tornado watches. In 2021, temperatures in the state rose even higher, with a state-wide average of 72.3F (22.38C). This may seem like a high number compared to Arizona, but because Texas is twice the size, the statistics are comparatively the same. However, other parts of the state see much more mild temperatures and even snow in the winter. Charleston averages around 57 degrees throughout a good portion of the year with only receiving 46 in of rain. Arizona. The popular stop on the way to San Diego registers a summer average of 90.3, placing it 13th on the list. This guide explains how. Not every spot in the desert is dry and these little oases are magical and very popular spots to take a dip. For example, Texas is home to South Padre Island, which is known for its beautiful beaches perfect for summer getaways. The medical payout for both states is the same. 6; and Texas at No. For example, Texans are known for their hospitality while Arizonans enjoy a more relaxed way of life. When the wind blows from the southeast, it blows moist, warm air over the area. Texas is a dry heat. |Phoenix mini heat wave isn't a repeat of 2016, The state enters the list at No. These two combined make the heat stay all year round in Arizona. This might also make winter uncomfortable and people there might not get any snow. The broad averages hide variations in temperatures within a state. If you want to point fingers, aim them north toward the maddeningly mild summer weather in Flagstaff, Williams and Pinetop (you too, Lakeside). Key West, Florida is the hottest city in the United States followed by Miami, Florida and Yuma, Arizona. It's hotter than Death Valley, hotter than Devil's Island, and you're living in it, ladies and gentlemen. January 19, 2023. Annually, Del Rio only experiences around 19 inches of rain. Several other states round out the southeast's lead in annual and seasonal temperatures. Arizona also has zero tax benefits from Social Security. After several years of teaching, I transitioned into the world of educational consulting. Texas is a dry heat. The southern desert occasionally registers temperatures above 125F (51.7C), while the average high temperatures reach a peak of 97F (36.1C) in July. Whether youre contemplating relocating from another state or deciding to move out of Texas to Arizona, or the other way around, considering these factors will help. There is a reasonable cost of living to expect when Arizona is your home. There was a stark increase in the number of murders that were committed. The average housing cost in Arizona is $329,000-$350,000. Arizona. Like its neighbor Florida, the state has a subtropical climate. Its total area is 140,000 sq mi (360,000 km 2). The freeze proved a strain on the state's infrastructure and was one of the costliest weather events ever to hit the state. Seven of the ten hottest cities in the United States are in Florida. 3. Livestock shows and barrel racing are shown off during this fun event. Texas has far more humidity so some might argue it is more miserable. Summers range from a low of 67 degrees Fahrenheit and climb to an uncomfortable 100 degrees Fahrenheit. The sun is king. Now, snow is a special occurrence in Texas, however, it can be spotted once a year in certain regions of the state. Neither state has a high percentage of crime, yet it is still significant enough to mention. You walk outside and you are instantly sticky and sweaty. Vermont (43.2 F) Arizona - 61.1F The . Arizona was the 5th most moved to the state in 2019 and 2020. between 85 and 90 degreesSummer in Texas Summer is incredibly hot and muggy in Texas, especially along the Gulf Coast and in the lowlands. . Maine and Montana, 62.7degrees. What part of Texas has the worst weather? Arizona is generally hotter than New Mexico, but there are exceptions. All rights reserved. Arizona is a land of contradictions.Although widely reputed for its hot low-elevation desert covered with cacti and creosote bushes, more than half of the state lies at an elevation of at least 4,000 feet (1,200 metres) above sea level, and it possesses the largest stand of evergreen ponderosa pine trees in the world.Arizona is well known for its waterless tracts of desert, but, thanks to many . Many cities in Alabama reach near 100 degrees throughout the summer. The hottest states in the country are primarily in the south. The sultry air there takes the Heat Index to at least 95 degrees on an average 100 days a year. The cost of living index for Texas in 2021 was 92.3 while the cost of living index for Arizona was 97, according to the World Population Review. Housing costs are slightly higher in Arizona than they are in Texas, but it depends on which city you want to be in. You have the opportunity to go onto a reservation, but sure to have an experienced guide with you. Hottest States 2022. August is the year's hottest month, with highs on average of 95F and lows of 76F. Both states are known for their warm weather. The Ten Hottest U.S. States. But that wet signal goes far beyond the beautiful beaches of Texas. Phoenix, AZ. One city in Alabama that gets hot during the summer time is Birmingham. Weve been doing this for 20 years. And finally decid. 15.Winds blew at 35 mph today. BestCompaniesAZ has the details. The weather throughout the year in both places tends to be fairly temperate, although parts of Texas definitely get much colder than Phoenix. Winters are mild, and summers are hot and humid. The eastern part of the state saw temperatures in the negative teens. Arizona does have several multinational firms in its backyard that offer robust employment packages. I've since worked with schools and districts all over the country, helping them improve their curriculums and instruction methods. Arizona h. 11.The skies were clear until an hour ago. It celebrates the history of ostrich racing! One saving grace for Texans is that they receive less snow than most states in the U.S., whereas Arizona gets consistent light snowfall almost every winter. The hot weather usually lasts from the end of May through the middle of October. Pricing factors may be attributed to average home sizes and the presence of rent-controlled properties. Hint: Its most famous resident would agree it's very bloody hot. According to the study, Tarrant County has the most severe weather in Texas. State-wide averages of temperatures give just a general indication of climate. Which, unscientifically, translates to"Let's spend the weekend in Flagstaff.". So why is that? Both states have a history of dangerous natural phenomena occurring, though the types radically differ. Texas is absolutely the hottest and most insufferable state in the entire nation. In the summer time it can reach around the high 90s to even the low 100s.

Ob Noodle House Peanut Butter Whiskey Shot Recipe, Book A Covid Test Edinburgh Airport, The Oasis Spa Newcastle Under Lyme, Central California Winemaking Industry Competition And Pricing, Articles I